In earlier lessons we saw how cell references in formulas automatically adjust to new locations when the formula is pasted into different cells.
Sometimes, when you copy and paste a formula, you don't want one or more cell references to change. Absolute reference solves this problem. Absolute cell references in a formula always refer to the same cell or cell range in a formula. If a formula is copied to a different location, the absolute reference remains the same.
An absolute reference is designated in the formula by the addition of a dollar sign ($). It can precede the column reference or the row reference, or both. Examples of absolute referencing include:
Sometimes, when you copy and paste a formula, you don't want one or more cell references to change. Absolute reference solves this problem. Absolute cell references in a formula always refer to the same cell or cell range in a formula. If a formula is copied to a different location, the absolute reference remains the same.
An absolute reference is designated in the formula by the addition of a dollar sign ($). It can precede the column reference or the row reference, or both. Examples of absolute referencing include:
| $A$2 | The column and the row do not change when copied. |
| A$2 | The row does not change when copied. |
| $A2 | The column does not change when copied. |
To Create an Absolute Reference:
- Enter the numbers you want to calculate (e,g., 34,567 in cell B2 and 1,234 in cell B3).
- Then, create a simple formula (=B2+B3).
To create an absolute reference in the formula just created, insert a $ valuebefore the B (column reference) and 2 (row reference) in the reference to B2 so the new formula reads, (=$B$2+B3)
Copy and Paste the formula to another adjacent cell. The formula now includes an absolute reference to B2, (=$B$2+D3).
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